leighton



July 27,l 1943. J. w. LEIGHTON Re; 22,355

INDTVIDUAL SPRING ING CONNECTION Original Filed Nov. 2, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet l v 40 m mggg!! im; d

Y July 27, 1943. 1 w LE|GHTON v f Re. 22,355

INDIVIDUAL SPHINGING CONNECTION originas Filed Nov. 2, 195e 5 sheets-sheet 2 INI/ENTOK July 27, 1943. J. w..| |:1Gi-|TON Re.y 22,355

INDIVIDUAL SPRINGING CONNECTION I Original Filed Nov. 2, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ffii;

/ff Y lll| A TTOR Ngvy.

vvmounting erA vsupporting member.

Another abject or thenventin improved yconnections for'thefpurposes men- :claims hereinafter set forth.

`reference may be yings,wherein:

' Figure 1"is a-fragmentary, elevational .viewof individual-'springing embodying one form of the inventiomf Reissued July 27, 1943 @umm ST1-TES PATENT' OFFICE' INDIHDUALSPRINGING CoNNECTifoN John Walleightom Port Huron, Mich original No. 2,234,803, datedaMarch 11, 1941,

.Serial.No. 238,457,1November 2,1938. Application for reissueFebruar'y 1 2, 1942, SerialV No.

The invention relates generallytojmotorvehicles, and it has particular relation to 'the indiand'lower links pivotally connected to the vehicle outer ends to a. vertically extending lwheel v u V At" least Yin certain installations 'it is desirable to' provide 'means for; varying the Vcaster Aangle of the wheel 'or to'p'rovide a means for 1obtaining the correct caster angley initially when the installation is made, and this necessarily requires that lthe wheel mounting member be tilted in ia direction longitudinally of the 'vehicle. l.'Iiltizigof the wheel mounting member, in the' event thi'slmember connects the outer ends cf the links directly,

requires that the vconnections between the member andthe links be such as to permit thetilting movement. While it is not new generally speaking to tilt the wheel mounting member iforthis l purpose,` the Vpresent `invention is concernedwith -vimprovements.

one object of the mventionis' to` -provie 1mi frame and which are pivotally connected at their 17. claims. (C1. .28o-962) j Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional'viewon'a larger scale taken substantially along the line 3 3 of Fig.1;

Fig. 4 is a crosssectional view taken substantiallyjalong the line 4- 4 of Fig. 3i Fig. 5 is a.' cross-sectional view'taken substanttially'alo'ng'theline 5-5 of Figl;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line 6 6 of Fig. 5;A Fig. is a fragmentary, planview of a different form of upper link, embodying'another form of the inventionj' j Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view on a larger scale taker'i` substantially along the line 8- -8 of Fig. 9-isa crosssec'tional view vtaken substan- 'such as shown by'Fig. '7, wherein still another Yform ofthe invention is embodied;

proved connections betweenthe wheel mounting member and theflink which will enable varyingy Y tljlevcaster angle `oriniti'ally Aolltaining @it in a sim- Aple land easy manner withoutginterfering with v alignment of the bearingforming' the "pivotal *connection lietwee'nthe links and the member`.

Another object of v the invention is to `proyide improved connections between the wheel mounting'member andfthe links, including threaded bearings, wherein 4means are provided `for vary jing or obtaining the caster angle 'v'vithout'-y interllering' with the bearing"l betweenv the threaded portions. f

o y provide tione'din 4thel preceding objects,iwhich are simple the drawings `pertaining`-'v thereto,

fand from the IHF- rl'a bett Ildestanding ofthe 'invention had vto the accompanying draw- Fig. 12` is aview ontheorderv'of 'Figfj illus- Ytrating a 'cnnection at the outer end-'ofthe lower link, wherein the vconnection is somewhat another* form ofthe` invention; Y

`Fig.-13i1lustrates a vconnection at-'the `router end oftheu'pperlink asconstructed' according Fig."14fillustrates anotherform of the' invention'employed'at the outerend of the lower link;

I Fig. 2'is'a planview on larger scale,

Fig.`;15is a cross-sectional view illustrating 'still anotherform of the inventiomfwhich may .be employed at 'the outerend of the upper link;

Fig. 16 is somewhat on the order. of that shown byvFig. 15, il1ustrating aconnection at the outer Fig; l'lis a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the lineI'I-Ilof Fig. 1 5; and.l

Fig. 18 isa cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line I8-I8 of Fig.'1`6. y Referring toFig. 1, the frame of a.motor vehicle is indicated at I0, an upper link of the individual springing is indicated at I I, a lower-.link is indicated at I2, the wheel mounting member is indicated-at I3, and a wheel on the latter is indicated at IL It may be added that the wheel tegral with an .apertured bearing-.portion lli-.that

is mounted directly on an axle I5, which is inis. turnable on the wheel mounting member, I3. Each of the links is pivotally connected Ito the fran-le, and vthe member eI 3 is pivotally` connected to the outer ends ofthe links, so that the frame may move upwardly anddownwardly Withrei threaded; fee intimated' every!- spect to the wheel.

The upper link Il comprisesv annfportions 20 .Y and -2I joined by a ypin 22 which also serves as ak L shock absorber connection.

inner ends,v have spaced apertured portions 23 and 2l,`receiving ya control bar 25 havng'open-f `ings, 2s ,adapting te` be belted Avehicle frame. the baz-N25 are and the'bnyed projecting througiitie aperturer 21; which in turn isy threaded intojthe aperture Such arms. at their.

. pinjisthreaded as indicatedat 1:1, andtreceives a substantially larger openin`g1ll formed in the lower end of the wheel mounting member I3.

As best shown by Fig.' 6, the wheel mounting vmember l3fhas av transversely extending opening 13 kwhich receives a pin 14 that has a partially cylindrical recess 15 fittingy theupper peripheral portion ofthe enlargement 69. Qne'end of this ltckmutjfwmeh contacte texeeydgthe wheel in portion 23 of arm 20 is threaded` into a bushing: d

and is rigidly llocked therein lyfmeansl thread aps. Thev opposite end ,ofthe centre! ha; is threaded into abushing 29, which'is clamped in the aperture of portionfuiby'xnetinszolI abktf bushing It will be understobd'that the ape''lf" tured portion 24 is bifurcated-and that the bolt 30 draws the bifurcatedportion in clampingfree` tion around the At .its `uuifer endjgarm 20has .a bent, ythreadedpprtion: ,35el whichis pary alleltto thecontroltbar 25,` y

Now referring `4". bent l `mmm. asie threaded intere. :sgvwhieh' is disposed inesiibetamiauy meeeepemng afi in the wheel Vfliwimime `member i3'. .that is., .in the upper end oflpsuchjmember. As best shown. by

- ,'Figtgrthe wheel aboveandbeylowthe center Iineftlie` openig 31,,has transversely extending` openings 38 and33".;whichex-y tend in a direction `cross.wise lof the Abushing: 36. vThe ppeningj receives-a pine, which 1a substantially` 4semi-c'ylii'tiric'al recess `4I inrits lewerfside ilttinsihe-unvrzperiwere1 Porti@ f' the bushing. Y'LIhis-pin4 terminates `at oneiend 1n a threaded exinein-43bvhiehlfeiv 'a 'fmt 44 that 7contacta the outer; surface y of the j wheel .mcuntingtmember around the opening. l; The` opening `39treceives a similar pin eeuws-,mmv eewifvli-ndel weee@ ,IL which .literJ the lowervperipheraliportion ofthe bushing. This pmtrmmwe-.likeviiseine threniedexten,y

lbiintn'g' member. Below the enlargement 69 of pin 61, the wheel mounting member hastal second opening 18, which receives a,r pin 19 that in 'trnetsa'groovefor recess 80 formed transversely inthe-lowerfside lof the enlargement 69. I5"

l' oveithemetaiat'both ends thereof, as indicated v Le# L Y utf' Witheiilnf 01 and theenlarged portion-69 thereof in particular, may bepositively locked f tbthefwheel mounting member 13 bothagainstgturning. and against-lonaitudinalmovemenh a1'- www it'will bepmfecieted that: intiem/exime the ml'tvl', the. enlarged x.mrion v lwillfbe .drawn 1 In this in'stancmthe pin is lockedin position by peening rIt will-be apparent that by tightening the may vbe longitudinally '0f 151.1?. pin 61 -witlnn sion havinga nuigmlthereon -wlchqcontacts that side or the Wheel;- meuntin member wposite' they Weciifedvhef theepins Amand .4.6, maywbe shifted and'thatby tlghteningthenuts M anni,y y plnsifsowasA notl only `iovlocate the bushingbutalso to prevent its relative tofwthenjwheel "mounting men'rb'anl For @positively i prvetingf Amuvermz'xx't Acnf the `wheelfrnountingn'ie1nber;1v:ngi

ftudinaliyfoffthe bushing',` kthe latex-"isY `p'roirided `yannulargroci've I2; which rec'etves al pin I ltproiecting into any openingfllin thel'ower piti L `681 whichpartiaily protects the remeer, The pin-unes aft-mended threaded for receiving@tmgwtnreadeerfrnen"of @o v thepiniand slwhpin'isvlkdi position Ibya the (bushing` may .tightly-.clamped betweentthe outer end 55 and the outereidfoffpening. Stils nutjit` whicl'x may beyjammedfaigalnst thelonter the opening.V TheseL `bushin nmeeenter, they s permittewdn size of `the opening. 1li,v y"(.11I.`nrl.g; movementqfthis" `characterj,y the pin 14 necessarily willvturnvslightly relativeytc thewheel -mcuntingmember.- Now considering 3j `amd 4,y it, Wilp be. gppreeieted thenuts and 5I),y thatthe bushfns 3Q; may `be www: `the unperend of. :the

" mounting member` vi 3 thusshiited longi- Aniiiifn'elly s; manner relative A@the memes?. vertieft, as: of, am f 2a., e During any `tilting .ofy character.: both thefpiri dn,jad` .pinJjewiu tum sliglii'flir` in 3,8` 3,9 provided rvrespectively i After.. t'iliihe `the .Wheel mounting tle'desifd Lx't'eri'ite Qbiin ,be tightened et the-uriner end of the.imembjersey ...ramene www@ ,c f-enefvripe whee1I meinung VK e g" willghve A a vfree osclllatqry action. 1

fo'ms'of connections'shwn by Figs; 3 `and:5,;n'ifay, mused at eitheror hotlfxlo` the endsiofvtheswheel bearingengagementwitli a pinliliinisubstantially the sam'emanner as that characteriging `the conhectionshown by" Fig.' 5. Thepin y8K6, in-.1211181111- y Stange, yhas an annular groove .81, which-.Substanosed in an opening, 9 l i in the wheelmquntf the ynutsl M and50 `may asgtieel; the, bushingrigidlyw :the membeiend f the f wende?. .th lowered Femme net-fdisthreadedlpivotalvbear- 4venticnlwhich;riey"be einployedat the upperl end 1 of the: wneelrmeunnng membenelthogh itmight bey observed'also that 'the same-connection might" `b u'sz'gdv 'both at theflwer and "upper` endsfJof has a threaded extension jez receiving ,ai dut s3 that engages 'the side' or the-wheel 'mounting 'memberL This pin-has a recess 95- tting the upperperipheral portion o f the pin 86`andupon "tightening the'nut 93, the enlarged vintermediate lportion of the 'pin may beilocked against-the side "of the opening f inl the wheel d mounting member and'againstthe lower pin 88.Y It will benoted at one'end ofthe pin 86 4that there-'is'a'so'cket turned and access is` had to this socket byproviding` an Alemite fitting 91,V which isf threaded through a'Welcl-i plug 98 inthe outerend'of the bushingvv receiving-the threaded end ofthe pin.

Upon loosening the nut 93`, the' pin may'be'turned and necessarily it will travelin a longitudi'nal'direction and f owing to its :engagement with: the vlower pin 08, the upper 'end of the wheel mounting `member will be carried alongwithjthe pin, so ythat the member v'will be tilted, `it being underwhich has threaded bearing engagement with the --lower arms 80 and 6|." It should n owbe understood that-by 'looseningthe connection'at the lower end ofl the wheel mounting member, 'and likewise loo'sening'the connection at the upper end thereof; that the Wheel mounting member stood that the upper pin 94 will turn slightly-in its opening in accommodation of lthis movement.

?Il'iusgwith the lower Vend of'thewheel mounting member free to pivot or tilt, theupper end may "be shifted by movingthe pinl and vin this' manner the caster vangley may be varied." It should rbe *understood that a connectionjsiiehas shownY by Fig.5{maybe/employed at thelower end of the wheel mounting member and the lower'en'dbe allowed' to 4pivot as previouslydescribed in connection with the latter ngure. Upon obtaining the proper caster angle,the nut 93v may be tight- 'ened so asto'lock 'the pin in place relative to the wheel mounting member .and likewisejthe lower end of the wheel mounting membe'rmay be lockedto the lower pin. Again, it may beustated that the adjustments at Vboth'ends of the f wheel mounting member leave the threadedbearing in :a freely osclllatorycondition. 1

Tne'eenstruetien shown byfFig. 1o isi-like that Ashown bylFig. 8, excepting thatthe intermediate "portion ofthe pin is eccentric, as indicated at' |00. lnthisvease, turning of the pin"` 86 in the manner already describedffor adjusting the caster ang1e,' llikewise Will tilt vthe member i3 fing a direction A'laterally of the vehicle, so as to adjust thecfamber angle. The connectionatf-the lower end o f th e wheel'rnounting member, as for example 'the connectienfshewniby Fig. `5,'readi1y will 'peiinit` nitingo'i` the wheel mdnting memberbothfor obtaining such caster andy camb'er adjustment;

' "Now referring toFig'Jll, the armsV 85 and 90, comprising the"uppe r arm as shown by Fig. v'1,

. -have pivotal bearing engagement with a'threaded' pin |02, which has an intermediate partially spherical enlargement |03 ylocated adjacentia hexagonal headfportion |04 integral withl 'the pin. *The :wheel- "mounting member'in this in stance is 'of slightly different contour as compared'tothe member I3 and is indicated by'the 4numeralA |05, Yand vsuch'r member lhas an venlarged opening'l06 through vwhich the pin |02 passes v`,and a` lpartially spherical seat |01' vilttingfthe 'spherical enlargement |03 onlthe pin.4 Abushing v|08 threaded on thegpin has4 oneendlornied` with a spherical seatv |09, which fits aspherical lsurface 0'at that side of thernemberl v'opposite the seat |01; 1- It wil1=be appreciated that by tightening the bushing |03 and the head; |03 against `opposite sides of the wheel mounting member, the member may be ,positively'locked tothel pin kand that by loosening the bushing-'|08 1may be ltilted to varythe caster angle, and when the proper angle is obtained,'that the parts again maybe Atightened in each' connection so 'as-to positively lock each end of the vwheel mounting vrmember to its vrespective pin, Due to the spheri- *cal engagement at each end of the member, this tilting member' is 'accommodated without dis- 'turbing the matching of the threaded bearings and from this it follows that a free oscillatory bearing isv obtainedy in each connection'.

-It mightbefstated thatinall o f the yarrangements described, adjustment vof the casterfangle necessarilyy vfvvill draw the outer endsy of the; upper and lower links slightlytogether or farther apart, depending 'upon the character of Vthe adjustment. ItA other Words, tilting of the wheel ofthe wheel mounting member longitudinally of l mounting member necessarily changes its ,eiecopening I 1in the upper end of the wheelmounting member.V At the lowerside yofA the opening ||1, a p'art'iallyspherical seat ||8 receives the lower side of the ball, while at'the uppersidefof the latter, the member I3 has a vertically extendingthreaded opening |20, whichrec'e'ivesa ythreaded plug 2'| that hasa partially spherical seat |22y at its lower end, engaging the upper side ofv the ball. .By'tightening this plug, the ball V vmaybe lo'cliecl; in the socliet'providedl andthus e `vthe pin will beV locked to the member for rotation therewith. Upon loosening the'plug |2|, the pin ||5 may beiturned so Vaste-shift the upper end the pin axis vto adjust the caster angle, and then when lthe proper angle yis obtained, the plug may be tightened vso vas to again lock' the pin and member together.

As shown by Fig. 14, the lower end of the wheel i y mounting member j-in this `case has an enlarged opening whichreceives a pin |25 that is threaded throughout'its length. Thispinmay be locked against rotation inr both of thearmsj fandi by tight threaded' engagement therewith `and 4has an integral head |26 on one end and a' nut |2'| 'on its other lend.v Itwill be'noted also 'that' the pin has a lubricant passage |30"extending longitudinelly through the pinto A an Alemite-r fitting r`| 3| and that thepassagev |30 communicates With'a radial passage |32, from "vvhicli iti followsf'that the intermediate threaded'j-portion of thepin may 'be supplied withlubricant. Such intermediateportion of the pin has abushing |33"thread ed thereon'and' the outer surface offthis bushing is` ofv spherical haracter,fas indicated at |34. 'I 'heopeningin the wheel mounting memberhat one side has a spherical seat |31- iitting one spherical end portion o ftli'e bushing While at its v'opposite end, the opening inthe member is and turning pin |02, the member may be tilted.`

' Atits lower end, the Wheel mounting member |05-'is similarly connected toaA lower pin ||2,

'threaded as indicated' at r |38 and receives' 'a threaded bushing |39Twhich Amay be locked Yin place yby using vvobtuse angle threads or threads of locking character; This bushing hase partiauy l snherloal Beatf- Mg v.rfmelihilxnl thmbushlnmendithueiointlx l seat-ligt t therspherieal mime] Moultrie :bushpinll hasenelonsated @Devine I-vg, whilerlthe many-f emular, gemeinten `a.t,l5,ll. As, shown 'opening lill f mi Ithe runnerpilu-r Ififi and through rllllllnlaill'g*` membery `may Vbef, rentirely?y disconnected lngtlie'bifilrcatedipqitien of thepin-enti` lockedto )the-'meme l Y, e, e

this lastmenner, the-elongtedopemng *5l-could lzhl-eilddA pivotal!.bearing'yfengegemerlt withfthg lrst element,[sald.wheel supporting member hay? receiving member.. vforv "rotationlz ti`1erwlt1-1+y It follows A wlooseninef the huahinm thehwer .Cndfof :'.wlneel mounting; member man turned f the seheriell surface we permit the.;asterff ,ed-f

ademe-lined in mnetionfwimris, e l andrffhenffthe bushinel wl-maybe. `:tightenedt0l www 1912K thebvshing fl-,33y twthe` member, As im the ,previouslwdeieribed1- @Gametime e the; ,.ffhmededf bearings are memteined-i ffrely'e- .eillemryfenaement-z 1 I las 1o ,le blfurcated, vixidicetd y, have .thrededlbeerlne ewasemewirh 121e weer` rends: of, y the zum?geland` lower arms, inl ,Subste- Wally- ,the Same mennen as` `preyious1ydeecrlloeqin y f connectmn" with, Fig. 15. It infill-:be` flomax; that' te be wmplished lThem,A `by` tightening making nuts. again; the. wlwely mounting memfiger mayflagam; be uriglmyi. @meenam-gq `@he twg bearing plus.l If desired,y theuppemrzend offfthel 1 turned.; .to me themtrmmiete portion |51` in flonepdirectionpx; yanother longitudlnllyof; fthe l adjustment shew hefmade; in

be changed to. e circuler' Opening Tt `varicmsl modictionsg. mail n ithollt tde.' the appended 01511115 the vehicle,y a second(fthreedellelment, hex/,lpg

.tpvthe supporting lumber.` l, l e .v o

` "Inf'lanpindlvivdual wheelspringlng, a. link, an

u, lshtgwheel-Suvmrtinemember At-luiedelxl; element, onthe outer of "the link f i www, member -wfthe second element `but being l, adjustableiztpgllowiadustoble tilting ettheyheel en in #direction lngtudinelly A ,Ztfvlewvindivid fwheelzsprlmingi'.Minka@ ,element rigidly xedtowthe end qfthe linlp gland, heving its 'axis extendmg lngltudmelly 0f fthey vflllkllell a, Secondthreaded elementl having threaded, `plwetl f bearing @engagement vlrilshk `the nrstlementSeidfwheelsupwrtingmembenhevline ,an:en lergeclfltmg1t11 ll-inal1sy extending opening' melvinetll Second. element. and: means in said 911611198 fQl :afdl'umbl'y damping the WhCJ-*Supf porting ln'limblry to' the. second element blut l being edjuetableto allow adjustelavleI tiltingrofthel `wheel v y-Sl1`pr1- wtinmember-,ineaiv directigm, longitudinally f -oi the vehicle; said-,clampingmeapgfincluding a.l f

bolt-extending transversely-tothe threaded ele- @me mii-:having `www substantially. attingere `:portieri QLthQ'SeGQnd threaded element v inw indivdualwheol springing, a linken upright wheelsgpportng member, an externally '.tlueeded `@,lezrlent on they outer end of the link andv extending s 1Q141gltudna1ly of the vehicle, y11.1tr1a1g11l' threeddvbushine threaded on said element eeidf {vs ,rlaieellSllpPOling#memberhavingV Y y9.1:.:.enlarged-menimrreceiving said bushing, and Z@dj,ustaanble (means .for rslellnpiugv said bushing to `thewheel Supporting member and being adjustareletye to the; bushing endl-threaded bearing :while: grill `al1owi-nfLtherbushingdm belv clamped en externally yaLmtl extending longitndlnelbr oftheyehiele, an internen; thrieededybushmgl thgeadedv ,Ongi ,Seid -elemen vSeid r wheel ,supporting viertallen` having enlarged; openingreceivne Saidbushingrand Ladjsteb'le 'means ,for falamhlegffsadd bushing to .thezlvwheel sunportinsmember: and being-adjuster leA1-.nl1119111V the wugtabmmning of the latter 111r @direction longitudinally; rof `the vehicle-Hand parting` 'mexlibel; seid 'adjustable means vSHWQIDS member having an opening, an exten-y nellvrthreadede1ment10rre-the link extending through the opening, mtegnanywtnmdea bushing `in sind.k opening and* having pivotal threaded-fhearing-erxgasemenhwith the, element. "1 J1rgrapnixngv. beinglarger thenwthgybushing so it `egg-1tepexfpiit tilting of,` the*memberwrelativeftobushing and a, ;boltvexten ding transversely y through the member and opening therein `ma xl'ievingle, recess'. receiving @peripheral pmtion'V f'ofvthebushmggwitlnlseid opening. i y s, In@ meiyidual springing a link, Wheel Velgilgqagrtlng having" migopening,y ex'- .Lrpally threededelementron the link extending.

through the5 opening, en vinternally.threaded bushing in said, opening and lhaving ypivotal f .lhreededlbeeriegengsemem wim-the ement" l eend openingbeinel larger than the bushing yS0 rein ,fand` havingl a l recess receiving ing an opening,

ing a peripheral portion o f the bushing at one side oi the openng,and a second bolt extending through the member and having peripherally tting engagement; with an oppositely located peripheral portion of the bushing, said bolts when turned permitting tilting of the member relative to the bushing in a direction longitudinally of the bushing.

7. In an individual. springing, a link, a wheel supporting member having an opening, an externally threaded element on the link extending through the opening, an internally threaded bushing in said opening and having pivotal threaded bearing engagement with the element, saidy opening being larger than the bushing so as to permit tilting the bushing, a bolt extending transversely Y through the member and opening therein and having a recess receiving a peripheral portion of the bushing within said opening, and a pin extending transversely of the bushing and seated 'in'a groove therein for preventing movement of the member longitudinally of the bushing.

8. In an individual springing, a member hava bearing element vextending the opening being substantially larger than `the element, and means for ing `an opening,

adjustably locating the element in the opening -so as adjustably to permit tilting of the member 'relative to the element in a direction longitudinally ofthe latter, said means comprising a pin member extending transversely through the member and into the opening therein and having a recess receiving a peripheral portion of the element. t

9. In an individual springing, a member having an opening,.abearing element extending through said opening, the opening being substantially larger than the element, and means for adjustably locating the element in the opening so as adjustably to permit tilting of the member relative to the element in a direction longitudinally of the latter, said means comprising pin elements extending transversely through the member at opposite sides of the bearing elementand hav-V ing locating engagement with opposite sides of the element. f y

10. In an individual springing, a member'hava bearing element extending into said opening and being substantially smaller than the opening, a pair of pins slidable respectively in openings extending transversely through the member at opposite sides of the element and each having a recess'receiving a peripheral portion of the element, and means for adjustably locating the pins so as to enable adjustably locating the bearing element relative to the member.

v 11.` In an individual springing, a member having an opening, a bearing element extending into said opening and being substantially smaller thanv the opening, a pair of pins slidable respectively in openings extending transversely throughpthe member at opposite sides of the element and-each having a recess receiving a peripheral portion of the element, and means for. moving the pins in opposite directions so as to clamp the bearing element between'them. I 12. In an individual of the member relative to springing,l a member hav- V ing an opening,

said opening and being substantially smaller than y y Y 5 a bearing element'extending into the opening, a pair of in openings extending member at opposite sides of the element and each pins slidable respectively having a recess receiving a peripheral portion of being turnable about, their the element, said pins own axes so as to allow tilting ofthe bearing element relative to `the member, and means for moving the pins in opposite directions so as to clamp the bearing element, between them.

13. In an individual wheel springing, an externally threaded member, an internally threaded bushing threaded on and having pivotal threaded bearing engagement with the threaded member, a second member having an opening substantially I larger than and receiving the bushing, and adjustable means clamping the second member on the bushing but being adjustable to allowtilting of the bushing relative tothe member in a direction longitudinally of the bushing, the arrangement being such that the members can turn relatively on a threaded bearing while being capable of being tilted relatively and clamped in relatively diierent positions.

14. In an individual springing, a threaded memy ber, an internally threaded bushing on the member, a second member having an opening receiving the bushing, and-adjustable means clamping the second member on the bushing but being adjustable to allow tilting of the to the member ina direction longitudinally oi the bushing, said bushing having its outer surface of vspherical contour and the opening in the second member being complementary thereto.

15. In an individual springing, a threaded member, an internally threaded bushing on the member Aand having its outer surface of spherical contour, a second member having a spherical socket receiving one end of the bushing and having a larger threaded opening around theother end of the bushing, and a socket andclamping member threaded into such larger opening andtting the other end of the bushing.

16. In an individual springing, a threaded member, an internally threaded bushing on the member and having a spherical surface, a second member having a spherical surface'ntting the surface on the bushing and means adjustably clamping the spherical surfaces together but,I allowing relative tilting of the second member and bushing in f connecting said being arranged normally to lock said member to said shaft after adjustment, and means connecty ing the other arm with said'member.

'Jornr W. -LEIGHTON transversely through the bushing relative frame, a wheel supporting mem- 

